James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879), the founder of electromagnetism theory The meaning and usage of the word 'radio' has developed in parallel with developments within the field of communications and can be seen to have three distinct phases: electromagnetic waves and experimentation wireless communication and technical development and radio broadcasting and commercialization. Marconi demonstrated the application of radio in military and marine communications and started a company for the development and propagation of radio communication services and equipment. Over several years starting in 1894 the Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi built the first engineering complete, commercially successful wireless telegraphy system based on airborne Hertzian waves ( radio transmission). Others, such as Sir Oliver Lodge, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose, and Alexander Popov were involved in the development of components and theory involved with the transmission and reception of airborne electromagnetic waves for their own theoretical work. In 1892 the physicist William Crookes wrote on the possibilities of wireless telegraphy based on Hertzian waves. The Serbian American engineer Nikola Tesla (who proposed a wireless power/communication earth conduction system similar to radio in 1893) considered Hertzian waves relatively useless for his system since 'light' could not transmit further than line of sight. Maxwell's theory showing that light and Hertzian electromagnetic waves were the same phenomenon at different wavelengths led 'Maxwellian' scientists such as John Perry, Frederick Thomas Trouton and Alexander Trotter to assume they would be analogous to optical light. 6 Licensed commercial public radio stationsĮlectrical engineer/inventor Guglielmo Marconi with the spark-gap transmitter (right) and coherer receiver (left) he used in some of his first long distance radiotelegraphy transmissions during the 1890s.Īfter the discovery of these 'Hertzian waves' (it would take almost 20 years for the term 'radio' to be universally adopted for this type of electromagnetic radiation) many scientists and inventors experimented with transmitting and detecting Hertzian waves.

5 Regulations of radio stations in the U.S.3.9.1 Political interest in the United Kingdom.

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